Turbine water-wheel



(ModeL) S. 86 A. G; MARTIN. TURBINE WATER WHEEL.

No. 600,735. Patented Mar. 15,1898.

nvvavrom A TTOHNEYS.

llNrrED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL MARTIN AND ARTHUR G. MARTIN, OF MUDDY CREEK FORKS,

PENNSYLVANIA.

TURBINE WATER-WHEEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 600,735, dated March15, 1898. Application filed April 10, 1897. Serial No. 631,542. (ModeL)To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, SAMUEL MARTIN and ARTH R O. MARTIN, of Muddy GreekForks, in the county of York and State of Pennsylvania, have invented anew andImproved Turbine Water-Wheel, of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description.

This invention is a turbine water-wheel of that class inwhich the wateris introduced to the apparatus at the upper side of a platform andcaused to course through the apparatus and be discharged at the underside of the platform.

This specification is the disclosure of one form of our invention, whilethe claims define the actual scope of the conception.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a section on the line 1 1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a partialhorizontal section of the invention. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary perspectiveview of one of the blades of the turbine, and Fig. 4 is a fragmentarysection on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2.

The platform 5 runs out horizontally from the plate 7. Standing rigidlyon the plate 7 are a series of tangential partitions 8, forming sluicesthrough which the water may pass to the wheel, which is hereinafterdescribed. The partitions 8 are rigidly attached to atop plate 9. Theparts 5, 7, 8, and 9 therefore compose a rigid structure inclosing theturbine wheel proper. The top plate 9 is extended out at each partition8 to form a cover 17 for the chutes produced by the partitions 8.

Let into the plate 7 is a fiat ring 10, slidable on the plate 7 andcarrying the gates 11, one for each of the sluices formed by thepartitions 8, and movable toward and from the sluices to regulate theamount of water thrown into the casing. The inner edge of each partitionS has a wear-plate 12, against which the gates 11 slide, and the innerface of each partition 8, at approximately the middle thereof, has awear-plate 13, which plates are engaged by the forward points of thegates 11 as the gates are moved to closed positions. The plates 12 and13 are of soft metal, so that they will effectually serve to formwater-tight c0nnections. Turning on the exterior surface of a bearing14. in the top plate 9 is a circular frame 15, havingdownwardly-extending arms 16, (shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1,)attached to the gates 11. By these means as the frame 15 is turned thegates 11 will be moved in unison to regulate the amount of water throwninto the turbine wheel.

Held rigidly beneath the platform 5 and by means of a spider 6 is abearing 18, whereon is stepped a rotary shaft 19, which extends upwardlythrough the bearing 14 and carries the hub or body portion 20 of theturbine wheel.

outward,so that as the water enters from above the platform 5 its coursewill be gradually changed to a downward and thence slightly lateraldirection. Blades 21 are attached to the hub or body of the wheel, andeach blade consists in a metallicplate running throughout the height ofthe wheel and having the This hub or body portion 20 has a, surfacegradually curved inward and. thence upper portion of its outer edgeWithin the circumference of the upper flange of the hub or body 20 ofthe wheel, such upper flange or head being larger than the lower flangeor head. The lower portion of each blade is provided with an extension22, which forms the bucket of the blade. The buckets of the blades arelocated below the plate 7, while the upper portions of the bladesare-above the plate 7. The inner edge of each blade 21, or those edgeswhich lie against the body 20 of the wheel, is curved to describeapproximately one-half a circle. The upper portion of the blade iscurved on a greater radius than the lower part, the curvature of theupper part of the blade extending from the up per head of the hubforwardly and downwardly to the lower end of the sluice or chute, sothat no portion of the blade opposite the sluice is on a vertical line,the water thus be ing received on the forwardly and downwardly curvedupper portion of the blade. The wheel carries an annular band 23, whichencircles the lower portions of the vertical edges of the blades and hasits lower edge rested on the upper edges of the extension 22. The upperedge of the band 23 is level with the platform 5. This band serves toconfine the water properly within the blades and to direct the waterdown into the buckets formed by the extensions 22. The upper portion ofeach blade or that part which is above the platform 5 first receives theimpact of the water and serves to carry the water down out of the way ofthe next sluice, so as not to break the water that enters through saidnext sluice and thus destroy the force of the water. As the water fallsbelow the platform 5 and enters the bucket of the blade the force of thewater is exerted on the blade, and the wheel is turned. The direction ofthe flow of the water is reversed as the water passes over the extension22 of each blade. The projections 22 also serve to prevent the spread ordissipation of the water before the proper time, which time is theperiod of discharge.

As heretofore stated, the upper portion of each blade is curved on agreater radius than the lower portion, the upper curved portionextending forward and downward to such a distance that all the waterentering the sluice is received on the downward-curved portion of theblade, the point where the upper and lower curved portions of the bladejoin being .below the chute-casing, so that no portion of the waterentering the sluice is received on a vertical portion of the blade.Where the water is received on the vertical portion of the blade, thetendency is to force the water outward against the sides of thechute-casing and into the current of water issuing from the sluice nextahead, thus retarding the flow of the water. The special form of bladeemployed overcomes this dificulty, as the water is received on the uppercurved portion of the blade and is forced downward, so that the waterfrom one sluice cannot come into contact with the water from the nextsluice and destroy its force. When in position on the hub, the upperpart of the receiving portion of the blade preferably eX- tends fartherto the rear than the lower part of the discharge portion, thus giving ashort and free discharge for the water.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent 1. The combination with a casing having aninwardly-extending plate and a series of partitions on said plateforming sluices for fluid, of a wheel within the casing having a hub orbody portion and blades secured at their inner edges to the face of thehub or body portion, the inner edge of each blade being curved, thecurvature of the upper portion of each blade being on a greater radiusthan the lower portion and extending from the upper part of the hubforwardly and downwardly throughout the depth of the sluicecasing, sothat no portion of the blade opposite the sluice is on a vertical line,the lower portion of each blade below the sluice-casing having arearwardly-curved extension, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a casing having an inwardly-extending plate, aseries of tangential partitions on said plate forming sluices for fluidand a platform supporting the easing, of a wheel within the casinghaving a hub or body portion and a series of blades secured to the faceof the hub or body portion, the inner edge of each blade being curvedand engaging the face of the hub or body portion, the curvature of theupper portion of each blade being on a greater radius than the lowerportion and extending from the upper part of the hub forwardly anddownwardly to the lower part of the sluice-casing, the lower portion ofeach blade below the sluice-casing having a rearwardly-curved extension,and an annular band encircling the blades and having its lower edgeresting on the upper edges of the said extension, the said bandextending upward to the upper surface of the inwardly-extending plate,substantially as described.

3. The combination with a casing having an inwardly-extending plate, anda series of tangential partitions standing rigidly on said plate andforming sluices for fluid, of a wheel having a hub or body portion, andblades secured to the face of the hub or body portion, the inner edge ofeach blade being curved and engaging the face of the hub or bodyportion, the curvature of the upper portion of each blade extending fromthe upper part of the hub forwardly and downwardly to the lower part ofthe sluice-casing, the lower portion of each blade below thesluice-casing having a rearwardly-eurved extension, and an annular bandencircling the blades and having its lower edge resting on the upperedges of the said extensions, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a casing having an inwardly-extendin g plate, ofa series of tangential partitions standing rigidly on saidinwardly-extending plate and forming sluicesfor fluid, a top plateconnected with the partitions and having extensions at each partitionforming covers for the sluices, a flat ring slidable on theinwardly-extending plate of the casing, a series of gates carried by thering and moved in a circular line to open and close the sluices, and acircular frame turn in g on the top plate and having downwardlyextendingarms attached to the gates, whereby when the frame is turned, the gateswill be moved in unison, substantially as described.

5. The combination of a casing having an inwardly-extended plate, aseries of tangential partitions standing on said inwardly-extended plateand forming sluices for fluid, a top plate supported on the partitionsand having portions forming the top of the sluices, a ring sliding inthe inwardly-extending plate of the casing, a series of gates carried bythe ring and moved in a circular line to open and close the sluices, anda frame turning on the top plate and connected to the gates to move thesame in unison.

6. The combination with a casing having an inwardly-extending plate, ofa series of tangential partitions extending upward from said plate andforming fluid-sluices, a top plate connected with the partitions, a ringarranged to slide on the inwardly-extending plate of the casing, andgates carried by the ring and movable to close the sluices, each of saidtangential partitions being; provided with a wear-plate against whichthe respective gate slides and each partition also having a wear-plateadapted to be engaged by the forward point of the gateas the latter ismoved to closed position, and means for moving the gates in unison,substantially as described.

7. A turbine Wheel having a body portion or hub and blades having theirinner edges curved and secured to the face of the hub or body, the upperportion of each blade being curved on a greater radius than the lowerpart, the curvature of the upper part of the blade extending from theupper head of the hub forwardly and downwardly entirely across thesluice or chute so that no portion of the blade opposite the sluice ison a verti-

